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	<h1>profile、bashrc、bash_profile详解</h1>
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		<div>
			
			
			By wiseai | 2022-07-06 | 1 minutes
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			<a class="btn btn-light links btn-sm" href="/tags/linux/">Linux</a>
			
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			<p><strong>/etc/profile:</strong> 此文件为系统的每个用户设置环境信息,当用户第一次登录时,该文件被执行.并从/etc/profile.d目录的配置文件中搜集shell的设置.</p>
<p>英文描述为：</p>
<pre tabindex="0"><code># /etc/profile

# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases [Go](http://lib.csdn.net/base/go &#34;Go知识库&#34;) in /etc/bashrc

# It&#39;s NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. It&#39;s much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.
</code></pre><p>此修改对每个用户都生效。</p>
<hr>
<p><strong>/etc/bashrc:</strong> 为每一个运行bash shell的用户执行此文件.当bash shell被打开时,该文件被读取.</p>
<p>英文描述为：</p>
<pre tabindex="0"><code># /etc/bashrc

# System wide functions and aliases
# Environment stuff goes in /etc/profile

# It&#39;s NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. It&#39;s much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.
</code></pre><p>如果你想对所有的使用bash的用户修改某个配置并在以后打开的bash都生效的话可以修改这个文件，修改这个文件不用重启，重新打开一个bash即可生效。</p>
<hr>
<ul>
<li><strong>~/.bash_profile:</strong> 每个用户都可使用该文件输入专用于自己使用的shell信息,当用户登录时,该文件仅仅执行一次!默认情况下,他设置一些环境变量,执行用户的 <strong>.bashrc</strong> 文件.</li>
</ul>
<p>此文件类似于 <strong>/etc/profile</strong> ，<strong>/etc/profile</strong>对所有用户生效，<strong>~/.bash_profile</strong>只对当前用户生效。</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>~/.bashrc:</strong> 该文件包含专用于你的bash shell的bash信息,当登录时以及每次打开新的shell时,该文件被读取.</li>
</ul>
<p>此文件类似于 <strong>/etc/bashrc</strong>，不需要重启生效，重新打开一个bash即可生效，  /etc/bashrc对所有用户新打开的bash都生效，但 <strong>~/.bashrc</strong>只对当前用户新打开的bash生效。</p>
<ul>
<li>~/.bash_logout:当每次退出系统(退出bash shell)时,执行该文件.</li>
</ul>
<p>另外,/etc/profile中设定的变量(全局)的可以作用于任何用户,而 <strong>~/.bashrc</strong> 等中设定的变量(局部)只能继承 <strong>/etc/profile</strong> 中的变量,他们是&quot;父子&quot;关系.</p>
<p>~/.bash_profile 是交互式、login 方式进入bash 运行的；
~/ <strong>.bashrc</strong> 是交互式 non-login 方式进入bash 运行的；
通常二者设置大致相同，所以通常前者会调用后者。</p>

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